(Introduction and
theories)
Motivation is an important process in everyone’s life. A motivated man could work with passion and enthusiasm and does the task effectively and efficiently. Motivation means to inspire someone towards motive. It is the phenomenon which improves quality of work, behavior of people and add positive approach in life.
“Motivation
refers to the way in which urges, drives, desires, aspirations, strivings or
needs direct, control or explain the behavior of human being.”
Dalton E. Mcfarland
Needs
Activating needs Engagement in work
Traditional
Theory of motivation
· Fear and punishment theory
· Reward Theory
·
Carrot
and stick theory
Fear and punishment theory is based on the fact that human beings have fear of
losses and punishment is given in the conditions of errors and mistakes. The
fear of getting laydown or demotion protect people to commit mistakes and
errors.
Reward theory is based on the fact that each men need growth in form of recognition,
respect, more power and authority or financial benefits in return of their
performance and work.
Carrot and Stick approach is based on the different work performance. Carrot
i.e. reward, respect, monetary benefits, bonus, etc. for good work whereas stick
i.e. demotion, suspension, cut in salary, transfer, etc for the people who
commit errors and mistakes.
Modern
Theory of motivation
· Maslow need hierarchy theory
· Herzberg motivation hygiene theory
· McGregor X and Y theory
· William Ouchi Z theory
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